Tag Archives: Texas History

Today in Texas History – June 16

La Reunion August 2010 #1 photo DSC01820.jpg

From the Annals of the Utopians –  In 1855, 200 or so French, Belgian and Swiss immigrants arrived at La Réunion. The colony was located on the south bank of the Trinity River in Dallas County and was planned as a utopian socialist community. Victor Prosper Considerant was the founder of the colony and a French democratic socialist who directed an international movement based on Fourierism, a set of economic, political, and social beliefs advocated by French philosopher  François Marie Charles Fourier.  La Réunion was short-lived and disbanded due to financial troubles, bad weather, failed crops and rising costs.  On January 28, 1857, Allyre Bureau, one of the society leaders, gave formal notice of the colony’s dissolution.  By 1860, the site was incorporated into Dallas.  The colony’s name survives in the Reunion District of Dallas highlighted by the Reunion Tower.

Photo from texasghostowns.blogspot.com

Today in Texas History – June 10

From the Annals of Extracurricular Activities –  In 1940, 108 boys participated in the first annual Lone Star Boys’ State program. The program provides teenage boys with training in functional aspects of citizenship and teaches constructive attitudes toward the American form of government. Nationally the program was begun in the 1930s to counter Fascist-inspired Young Pioneer Freedom camps. Participants are grouped into mock cities, form a mock state government, and elect state officers. The program is held each summer, usually in June, at the University of Texas at Austin. Two boys are chosen to attend Boys’ Nation in Washington, D.C., each July.

Today in Texas History – June 3

From the Annals of Space –  In 1965, Astronaut Ed White of San Antonio became the first American to take a stroll in space.  The so-called “space walk” occurred during the Gemini 4 mission.  The extra-vehicular activity (according to NASA jargon) started on the third orbit when White opened the capsule’s hatch and used the hand-held manuevering oxygen-jet gun to push himself out into space. The EVA started over the Pacific Ocean near Hawaii and lasted 23 minutes, ending over the Gulf of Mexico. Initially, White propelled himself to the end of the 8 meter tether and back to the spacecraft three times using the hand-held gun. After the first three minutes the fuel ran out and White manuevered by twisting his body and pulling on the tether.

Photo from NASA archives.

Today in Texas History – June 2

From the Annals of Prohibition –   In 1911, prohibitionists mourned the death of  Carry Nation.  Nation was born in Kentucky in 1846, but lived in Texas for several years as a child in the 1860s and from 1879 to 1889. While in Texas, Nation claimed to have had numerous mystic experiences and ultimately came to believe that she had been selected by God and that she spoke through divine inspiration.  Her husband, a reporter for the Houston Post, ran afoul of the feuding sides in the Jaybird-Woodpecker War, and the couple relocated to Kansas. In 1892 she helped organize a local chapter of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and was appointed jail evangelist. She began a crusade against alcohol and tobacco that lasted until her disability and death.  She became famous as the hatchet-wielding illegal “joint” wrecker  and berated persons who sold liquor. The sale of souvenir hatchets and earnings from nationwide lecture tours allowed her to pay the fines that resulted from more than thirty arrests. Although she was a national leader of the extremist element of the prohibitionist movement, she never had the unqualified support of the WCTU or of any other national organization.

Today in Texas History – May 20

From the Annals of the Rockers –   In 1978, “The Buddy Holly Story” premiered in Lubbock the home town of Buddy Holly and the Crickets.  The film starred Gary Busey as Buddy Holly and chronicled his meteoric rise to stardom, courtship and marriage and untimely death.  The film received excellent reviews and was a commercial success as well.  

Today in Texas History – May 17

From the Annals of the Outlaws –  In 2015, a deadly biker gang brawl broke out at the Twin Peaks restaurant in Waco.   The planned gathering of so-called motorcycle enthusiasts started peacefully but escalated into full-fledged gallegedang warfare after a member of the Cossacks ran over the foot of a Bandidos gang member.  The two rival gangs had been fighting over the very important issue of whether the Cossacks could wear the “Texas” rocker on bottom of their motorcycle jackets and vests.  The Waco fight was apparently the culmination of months of increasing hostility and random beatings of gang members.  Six Cossacks, two Bandidos, one Scimitar and one unaffiliated biker were killed, with it being likely that several were shot by police officers who had been monitoring the scene.  Another  18 were injured and at least 170 gang members and others were arrested at the scene.

Bail for most of those charged was set at $1 million.   McClennan County  prosecutor Michael Jarrett said videotape of the shootout shows “Bandidos executing Cossacks, and Cossacks executing Bandidos”. Arguing in favor of the high bonds, Jarrett said, “The facts and circumstances of this case are so extraordinary and so different from anything we have ever dealt with, we believe adequate bonds need to be in place to ensure the safety of this community.” Most of the bikers have since been released, and it seems likely that some innocent people were swept up in the hysteria following the shootout which received world-wide publicity.   And the criminal prosecutions have been on a slow track.  The Waco DA’s office seems overwhelmed and not up to the task of sorting out who actually was killed by who.

Today in Texas History – May 13

From the Annals of Senseless Combat –  In 1865, the last battle of the Civil War was fought near Brownsville at Palmito Ranch.  Union and Confederate commanders had previously reached a local truce thinking that a confrontation in the what appeared to be the waning days of the war over non-strategic ground in south Texas would be a waste of time, ammunition and most importantly lives.  Despite this on May 11, Col. Theo. H Barrett sent 300 mostly Black troops to take possession of Brownsville.  The Union force surprised about 150 Confederate cavalrymen and quickly routed them.  However, later in the afternoon the Confederates engaged the Union in a skirmish.  The Union commanders assumed that the Confederates had received reinforcements and quickly withdrew.  On May 13, Col. John “Rip” Ford arrived with artillery and assumed command.  The Confederates opened up with the cannons and an ensuing cavalry charge.  The Union troops were quickly routed and fell back to Brazos Island.  Approximately 30 unfortunate Union soldiers were killed in the meaningless and unnecessary battle.  After capturing some Union troops, the Confederates learned of the surrender of Lee and Johnston.  This small battle is only remembered because it was the last actual battle of the Civil War.

Today in Texas History – May 12

CAM-3

From the Annals of Aviation –   In 1926, the first commercial air mail service (known as CAM-3) to and from Texas was begun.  The initial route was between Dallas and Chicago.  The initial CAM-3 service was awarded to National Air Transport, Inc.  which had been founded in 1925 by Clement M. Keys.  CAM-3 air service was inaugurated with both north and south flights between Chicago and Dallas with interim stops in Moline Illinois, Saint Joseph & Kansas City Missouri, Wichita Kansas, Oklahoma City Oklahoma and Fort Worth.  NAT used Curtiss Carrier Pigeon bi-planes with Curtiss engines for this initial CAM-3 service. The Carrier Pigeon bi-planes were built by the Curtiss Aeroplane Company founded by Glenn Curtiss and now controlled by Clement Keys.   Postal mail covers carried on the inaugural flight between each point of landing and take-off are collectible and are known as CAM-3 covers.

Photo from http://www.aerodacious.com.

Today in Texas History – May 11

From the Annals of the Twisters –  In 1953, a massive tornado killed 114 people in Waco.   The tornado was the strongest (F5 on the Fujita scale) and deadliest of a series of at least 33 tornados that struck central Texas over a three day period. The tornado’s winds reached speeds of 300 mph and destroyed or damaged over 600 houses, 1000 other buildings and 2000 vehicles.  In addition to those killed another 597 were injured.

According to an old Huaco Native American legend, tornadoes could not touch down in Waco.   There was some truth to the legend as most storms in the area travel from west to east and split around the Waco area due to the bluffs around the Brazos River, making tornadoes relatively rare in the city. The 1953 storm, however, traveled against the prevailing winds, and the tornado approached Waco from the North-Northeast.

Over half the victims were killed in a single city block bounded by 4th and 5th streets and Austin and Franklin avenues.   Due to a heavy thunderstorm, many people were seeking shelter in downtown buildings.  One such building was the five-story Dennis Building which was directly in the path of the twister.   The building was practically destroyed in seconds when the tornado struck leaving dozens of people trapped beneath its ruins.  Twenty-two people died in the Dennis Building alone. 

Before and after photo from http://www.ustornados.com

Today in Texas History – May 9

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From the Annals of Folk Art – In 1979, The Orange Show on 2401 Munger Street in Houston was opened to the public.  TOS was conceived and built over a period of twenty-five years by Houston postman Jefferson D. McKissack.  1979. McKissack’s interest in oranges began while working as truck driver during the Depression.  He developed a strong belief  in the benefits of oranges and good nutrition and privately published How You Can Live 100 Years And Still Be Spry in 1960.  Beginning in the mid-1950’s, McKissack built the exterior walls of what became TOS as part of his plant nursery on two vacant lots across the street from his bungalow.  The real work began in 1962 when McKissack began work on his decades long project to create a folk art masterpiece around the orange theme.  McKissack primarily used found objects and relics purchased from junk stores for his creations.   Numerous signs and displays convey McKissack’s messages about the miraculous powers of the orange as a pure form of energy that “grows right out of the bloom, protected by the rind.”

McKissack believed that his creation would be a major tourist attractions because it “represents the entire multi-billion dollar orange industry.”  He predicted that some 90 percent of the population of the U.S. would want to visit TOS.   He was disappointed by the initial lack of enthusiasm and died of a stroke just seven months after the opening.  Some of the earliest visitors, however, were members of Houston’s art community who became determined to preserve McKissack’s creation.  In 1981 a group of twenty-two concerned citizens led by Marilyn Lubetkin, former president of CAM established the Orange Show Foundation and purchased McKissack’s creation from his heir.  TOSF extensively restored and “improved” the site.  The Orange Show is open to the public on weekends and holidays from March through December.

Image from orangeshow.org.